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Joint Contracts Tribunal
The Joint Contracts Tribunal, also known as the JCT, produces standard forms of contract for construction, guidance notes and other standard documentation for use in the construction industry. From its establishment in 1931, JCT has expanded the number of contributing organisations. Following recommendations in the 1994 Latham Report, the current operational structure comprises 7 members who approve and authorise publications. They were listed by the JCT in 2014 as the British Property Federation, the Contractors Legal Grp Limited, the Local Government Association, the National Specialist Contractors Council, the Royal Institute of British Architects, the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and the Scottish Building Contract Committee.〔JCT website()〕 In 1998 the JCT became a limited company.
== History ==
The Joint Contracts Tribunal was established in the 1930s by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) and the National Federation of Building Trades Employers (NFBTE), to consider future proposals for amending the Form of Contract which had been published in 1931. Its first chairman, to 1956, was Sydney Tatchell,〔architect for Niblett Hall, Inner Temple,() and Ironmongers’ Hall, London ()〕 followed by Sir Percy Thomas.〔Palmer and McKendrick, ''Product Liability in the Construction Industry'', Lloyd's of London Press, 1993 ()〕 The RIBA ''Guide to its Archive and History'' (1986) recorded that the tribunal had been established jointly in October 1932 by the councils of the RIBA and NFBTE to consider suggestions for the amendment of the 1931 Form of Contract, and that each of those two bodies appointed one of the two Joint Secretaries. The Secretary RIBA had acted as the RIBA Joint Secretary until the early 1960s (Macalister〔(Sir Ian MacAlister )〕 to 1942, Spragg〔(NPG: Cyril Douglas Spragg (1894-1986), Secretary, RIBA )〕 to 1959), when this appointment was performed by the Practice Secretary and then by the Legal Adviser. The archived documents are listed in the Guide as the ''RIBA Joint Secretary's Papers, 1932-1944, 1952-1971'', including copies of minutes and reports and papers concerning revision of the Form of Contract 1955-1961.〔 The RIBA Archive is currently held at the V&A. Online catalogue no. CAT/52430026/9 ()〕
Important new editions of the form were published in 1939, 1963 and 1980, and after the JCT had become a limited company further revised editions were published in 1998, 2005 and 2011.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.jctltd.co.uk/jct-history.aspx )〕 JCT Contracts are currently published by Sweet and Maxwell Thomson Reuters.〔(JCT publisher )〕
In 2012 the publication was announced of ''JCT Contracts discovery: the education and learning module from the Joint Contracts Tribunal''.〔(Newsflash )〕 This was described as an education and learning module for education and training providers, in-house training teams and independent tutors, providing materials for a comprehensive understanding of JCT contracts and JCT contractual procedures and looking at the roles of contractors, employers, sub-contractors and contract administrators and how JCT provisions deal with matters such as payment, control of the works and control of time.〔(RIBA Library catalogue online )〕
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